Geotechnical investigation examines the soil, rock and groundwater conditions that influence foundations, slopes, pavements, excavations and earthworks. It combines field exploration, sampling, in-situ testing, laboratory analysis and engineering interpretation.
Spatial context improves the programme. Accurate topography, proposed structures, drainage, geology and access constraints help place investigation points where they answer design questions.
From desk study to field programme
The team reviews site history, geology, proposed loading, grading and available records. Boreholes, trial pits, geophysics or other methods are selected around the anticipated ground conditions and design stage.
Coordinates and ground levels for every investigation point should be surveyed. This allows logs, strata and groundwater information to be interpreted across sections and foundation zones.
- Desk study and walkover
- Borehole and trial-pit planning
- SPT, sampling and rock coring
- Groundwater observations
- Laboratory testing
- Factual and interpretive reporting
What field and laboratory tests show
SPT provides an index related to soil resistance under a standardized procedure. Samples support classification, strength, consolidation, chemical and other tests. Rock core logging records recovery, RQD, weathering, strength and discontinuities.
No single result defines the entire site. Variability, test quality, sampling disturbance and engineering context must be considered together.
Why terrain and drainage matter
Topographic models reveal slopes, low points, cut-and-fill zones and access. Aerial imagery documents surface conditions and adjacent development. These layers help explain groundwater, erosion or fill patterns and plan safe equipment movement.
Combining survey and geotechnical evidence creates a clearer basis for foundation and earthwork decisions.
Delivering an inspectable ground model
Reports should distinguish measured facts, interpreted strata and recommendations. Borehole locations, logs, laboratory certificates and sections need consistent identifiers. Assumptions and investigation limits must be visible.
SurveyCopter connects field investigation with geospatial capture and project intelligence so ground evidence remains tied to location.
Frequently asked questions
What is an SPT test?
The Standard Penetration Test records the blows required to drive a sampler through soil under a standardized procedure and provides an index used in geotechnical interpretation.
How many boreholes are required?
The number and depth depend on structure, site variability, design stage, codes and geotechnical judgement; there is no universal spacing.
Can drone surveys support geotechnical work?
Yes. Terrain, drainage, access and surface-condition mapping provide spatial context for investigation planning and interpretation.
Need a method built around your project?
Share the location, required decision, accuracy and timeline. SurveyCopter will define the appropriate aerial, ground, processing and delivery workflow.
Explore geotechnical investigation ↗Technical guidance is provided for general information. Project methods, accuracy, permissions and engineering decisions must be established for the specific site and applicable requirements.